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Weather elements

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 Humidity  How to measure Humidity  Humidity is the amount of water vapour in the air and is expressed as a percentage (%). The instrument that we use to measure humidity is called a wet and dry bulb thermometer, also known as a hygrometer. Figure 1.1 A wet and dry bulb thermometer  The wet and dry bulb thermometer consists of two normal thermometers that are exactly the same. These thermometers are mounted parallel to each other. Underneath one of the thermometers is a small bottle filled with distilled water. The bulb of this thermometer is covered with a small wick or cloth. The end of the wick hangs in the bottle with distilled water. ( see Figure 1.1). As the water rises up the wick, it evaporates causing the wet bulb thermometer to cool down, and to measure a lower temperature. The dry bulb thermometer will indicate the real air temperature. Watch video on how to measure humidity  Sunshine How to measure sunshine Sunshine is measured with a Sunshine record...
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Weather elements

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 Wind direction and speed How to calculate wind direction and speed  Wind is moving air and it is described by the compass direction from where it is blowing, for example north, south-east etc. Figure 1.1 A wind vane Figure 1.2 Windsock A wind vane (see Figure 1.1) can be used to determine the wind direction. At airports or on runways a windsock is used (see Figure 1.2). You can also determine wind direction by looking at flags or at smoke coming from a fire. The wind vane is normally made of metal and you will find it on a high building or on top of a long pole. The wind vane must be in an area where there is free flow of wind. Wind will push against the largest surface of the arrow (the tail) until the arrow swings around to be parallel with the windand offers no resistance any more. The arrow head will therefore always point in the direction from where the wind is coming. As well as wind direction,  it is also important to measure wind speed. This is measured with an a...
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