Map Work

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Effects of seasons on plants and animals

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 Describe the effects of seasons on plants  Plants can respond to the change of seasons by losing their leaves, flowering or breaking dormancy. Plants go through seasonal changes after detecting differences in day length.  Some plants are sensitive to different lengths of the day or night, a response known as photoperiodism. Plants use this ability to help them adapt to seasonal changes in their environment and ensure key points in their life cycle, such as flowering and leaf fall take place at the right time. •Plants are green in summer. •Plants loose leaves in winter. •Plants have flowers in spring. •Plants  flowers wilt when it is cold. Describe the effects of seasons on animals Animals follow the seasons very closely. Changes in the  length of the day or temperatures affect the animal's hormone production and cause them to behave according to the season. For that reason animals instinctively know when it's time for them to mate, build a nest, fly south ...
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Weather elements

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 Rainfall  How to measure rainfall (precipitation) Rainfall is a form of  precipitation and is measured in millimeters (mm) using a rain gauge. Rain gauges are made out of copper or plastic because these materials do not rust or corroded. Rain gauges can be set up in two different ways: they can either be mounted on or against a pole or they can be planted in the soil.         Figure 1.1 shows a rain gauge mounted on a  pole  All rain gauges must be set up away from buildings or trees, because these can either prevent rain from falling into the rain gauge or add extra water into the gauge. Both situations will cause an inaccurate reading. How to measure the amount of water in the rain gauge Water from the rain gauge is poured into a measuring cylinder. The measuring cylinder should be placed on a flat surface, take the reading while keeping the cylinder horizontal and leveled with your eyes. Remember to take the reading at the bottom of the m...
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Weather elements

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 Wind direction and speed How to calculate wind direction and speed  Wind is moving air and it is described by the compass direction from where it is blowing, for example north, south-east etc. Figure 1.1 A wind vane Figure 1.2 Windsock A wind vane (see Figure 1.1) can be used to determine the wind direction. At airports or on runways a windsock is used (see Figure 1.2). You can also determine wind direction by looking at flags or at smoke coming from a fire. The wind vane is normally made of metal and you will find it on a high building or on top of a long pole. The wind vane must be in an area where there is free flow of wind. Wind will push against the largest surface of the arrow (the tail) until the arrow swings around to be parallel with the windand offers no resistance any more. The arrow head will therefore always point in the direction from where the wind is coming. As well as wind direction,  it is also important to measure wind speed. This is measured with an a...
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