Weather Elements
How to measure and record different weather elements
Every type of weather element requires a different type of instrument to measure and record it.
How to measure temperature
Temperature- refers to how warm or cold the surrounding air is. The unit of measurement is degrees Celsius (°C ), and it is measured with a maximum and minimum thermometer.
As the temperature drops, the mercury in the left hand side pushes the marker upward and allows the minimum temperature to be measured. The marker is held in a place by a magnet at the rear. As the temperature increases to maximum, the right hand side pushes the marker upward so that the maximum can be measured.
You can calculate the average temperature for a day, a month or a year. Averages are important for a variety of reasons. Farmers need it to determine type of crops to plant and also when to plant, because certain crops need warmer temperatures than others. Tourists also rely on information about temperature averages when they plan their holidays.
How to calculate daily average temperature:
Daily mean (average) temperature for day 1
= (maximum + minimum) ÷ 2
= 31 °C + 13 °C (individual numbers) ÷ 2
= 44 °C ÷ 2 (2 is the number of data items)
= 22 °C (this is the average temperature for day 1)
Monthly average temperature:
Monthly mean temperature (add all daily averages)
= add all daily averages ÷ number of days in the month
= 676 °C ÷ 31
= 21.8 °C (average for the month)
Annual (yearly) average temperature :
Annual (yearly) mean temperature (add all averages)
= add all monthly averages ÷ months in the year
= 202.5 °C ÷ 12
= 16.8 °C (average for the year)
*the formula to calculate temperature range is:
maximum °C - minimum °C
*day temperatures of 40 °C are extremely high
*air temperatures that vary from 23°C to 28°C are very pleasant to live in. These are called moderate temperatures.
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